Figure 71-6 In a study of 40 cases of postoperative pulmonary edema, the cumulative incidence of pulmonary edema (percentage) is plotted with respect to the end of the operation (minutes). Most cases occurred within the first 30 minutes, and most were preceded by hypertension. (From Cooperman LH, Price HR: Pulmonary edema in the operative and postoperative period: Review of 40 cases. Ann Surg 172:883, 1970.)