 |
|
|
REFERENCES
301.
Agoston S, Seyr M, Khuenl-Brady KS, et al: Use
of neuromuscular blocking agents in the intensive care unit. Anesthesiol Clin North
Am 11:345, 1993.
302.
Caldwell JE, Szenohradszky J, Segredo V, et al:
The pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the metabolite 3-desacetylvecuronium
(ORG 7268) and its parent compound, vecuronium, in human volunteers. J Pharmacol
Exp Ther 270:1216–1222, 1994.
303.
Bencini AF, Scaf AH, Sohn YJ, et al: Hepatobiliary
disposition of vecuronium bromide in man. Br J Anaesth 58:988–995, 1986.
304.
Arden JR, Lynam DP, Castagnoli KP, et al: Vecuronium
in alcoholic liver disease: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis. Anesthesiology
68:771–776, 1988.
305.
Segredo V, Caldwell JE, Matthay MA, et al: Persistent
paralysis in critically ill patients after long-term administration of vecuronium.
N Engl J Med 327:524–528, 1992.
306.
Sandker GW, Weert B, Olinga P, et al: Characterization
of transport in isolated human hepatocytes. A study with the bile acid taurocholic
acid, the uncharged ouabain and the organic cations vecuronium and rocuronium. Biochem
Pharmacol 47:2193–2200, 1994.
307.
Proost JH, Roggeveld J, Wierda JM, et al: Relationship
between chemical structure and physicochemical properties of series of bulky organic
cations and their hepatic uptake and biliary excretion rates. J Pharmacol Exp Ther
282:715–726, 1997.
308.
Khuenl-Brady K, Castagnoli KP, Canfell PC, et
al: The neuromuscular blocking effects and pharmacokinetics of ORG 9426 and ORG
9616 in the cat. Anesthesiology 72:669–674, 1990.
309.
Schwarz LR, Watkins JB 3rd: Uptake of taurocholate,
a vecuronium-like organic cation, ORG 9426, and ouabain into carcinogen-induced diploid
and polyploid hepatocytes obtained by centrifugal elutriation. Biochem Pharmacol
43:1195–1201, 1992.
310.
Smit JW, Duin E, Steen H, et al: Interactions
between P-glycoprotein substrates and other cationic drugs at the hepatic excretory
level. Br J Pharmacol 123:361–370, 1998.
311.
van den Broek L, Wierda JM, Smeulers NJ, et al:
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of an infusion of Org 9487, a new short-acting
steroidal neuromuscular blocking agent. Br J Anaesth 73:331–335, 1994.
312.
Cook DR, Stiller RL, Weakly JN, et al: In vitro
metabolism of mivacurium chloride (BW B1090U) and succinylcholine. Anesth Analg
68:452–456, 1989.
313.
Wastila WB: Data on file, Burroughs Wellcome
Co., Research Triangle Park, NC.
314.
Head-Rapson AG, Devlin JC, Parker CJ, et al:
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the three isomers of mivacurium in health,
in end-stage renal failure and in patients with impaired renal function. Br J Anaesth
75:31–36, 1995.
315.
Caldwell JE, Heier T, Kitts JB, et al: Comparison
of the neuromuscular block induced by mivacurium, suxamethonium or atracurium during
nitrous oxide-fentanyl anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 63:393–399, 1989.
316.
Goudsouzian NG, d'Hollander AA, Viby-Mogensen
J: Prolonged neuromuscular block from mivacurium in two patients with cholinesterase
deficiency. Anesth Analg 77:183–185, 1993.
317.
Maddineni VR, Mirakhur RK: Prolonged neuromuscular
block following mivacurium. Anesthesiology 78:1181–1184, 1993.
318.
Mangar D, Kirchhoff GT, Rose PL, et al: Prolonged
neuromuscular block after mivacurium in a patient with end-stage renal disease.
Anesth Analg 76:866–867, 1993.
319.
Ostergaard D, Jensen FS, Jensen E, et al: Mivacurium-induced
neuromuscular blockade in patients with atypical plasma cholinesterase. Acta Anaesthesiol
Scand 37:314–318, 1993.
320.
Naguib M, el-Gammal M, Daoud W, et al: Human
plasma cholinesterase for antagonism of prolonged mivacurium-induced neuromuscular
blockade. Anesthesiology 82:1288–1292, 1995.
321.
Basta SJ, Ali HH, Savarese JJ, et al: Clinical
pharmacology of atracurium besylate (BW 33A): A new non-depolarizing muscle relaxant.
Anesth Analg 61:723–729, 1982.
322.
Neill EA, Chapple DJ, Thompson CW: Metabolism
and kinetics of atracurium: An overview. Br J Anaesth 55(Suppl 1):23S–25S,
1983.
323.
Chapple DJ, Clark JS: Pharmacological action
of breakdown products of atracurium and related substances. Br J Anaesth 55(Suppl
1):11S–15S, 1983.
324.
Merrett RA, Thompson CW, Webb FW: In vitro degradation
of atracurium in human plasma. Br J Anaesth 55:61–66, 1983.
325.
Stiller RL, Cook DR, Chakravorti S: In vitro
degradation of atracurium in human plasma. Br J Anaesth 57:1085–1088, 1985.
326.
Fisher DM, Canfell PC, Fahey MR, et al: Elimination
of atracurium in humans: Contribution of Hofmann elimination and ester hydrolysis
versus organ-based elimination. Anesthesiology 65:6–12, 1986.
327.
Nigrovic V, Fox JL: Atracurium decay and the
formation of laudanosine in humans. Anesthesiology 74:446–454, 1991.
328.
Hennis PJ, Fahey MR, Canfell PC, et al: Pharmacology
of laudanosine in dogs. Anesthesiology 65:56–60, 1986.
329.
Canfell PC, Castagnoli N Jr, Fahey MR, et al:
The metabolic disposition of laudanosine in dog, rabbit, and man. Drug Metab Dispos
14:703–708, 1986.
330.
Parker CJ, Hunter JM: Pharmacokinetics of atracurium
and laudanosine in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Br J Anaesth 62:177–183,
1989.
331.
Yate PM, Flynn PJ, Arnold RW, et al: Clinical
experience and plasma laudanosine concentrations during the infusion of atracurium
in the intensive therapy unit. Br J Anaesth 59:211–217, 1987.
332.
Beemer GH, Bjorksten AR, Dawson PJ, et al: Production
of laudanosine following infusion of atracurium in man and its effects on awakening.
Br J Anaesth 63:76–80, 1989.
333.
Tateishi A, Zornow MH, Scheller MS, et al: Electroencephalographic
effects of laudanosine in an animal model of epilepsy. Br J Anaesth 62:548–552,
1989.
334.
Lanier WL, Sharbrough FW, Michenfelder JD: Effects
of atracurium, vecuronium or pancuronium pretreatment on lignocaine seizure thresholds
in cats. Br J Anaesth 60:74–80, 1988.
335.
Shi WZ, Fahey MR, Fisher DM, et al: Modification
of central nervous system effects of laudanosine by inhalation anaesthetics. Br
J Anaesth 63:598–600, 1989.
336.
Chapple DJ, Miller AA, Ward JB, et al: Cardiovascular
and neurological effects of laudanosine. Studies in mice and rats, and in conscious
and anaesthetized dogs. Br J Anaesth 59:218–225, 1987.
337.
Powles AB, Ganta R: Use of vecuronium in the
management of tetanus. Anaesthesia 40:879–881, 1985.
338.
Kinjo M, Nagashima H, Vizi ES: Effect of atracurium
and laudanosine on the release of 3
H-noradrenaline. Br J Anaesth 62:683–690,
1989.
339.
Pittet JF, Tassonyi E, Schopfer C, et al: Plasma
concentrations of laudanosine, but not of atracurium, are increased during the anhepatic
phase of orthotopic liver transplantation in pigs. Anesthesiology 72:145–152,
1990.
340.
Welch RM, Brown A, Ravitch J, et al: The in vitro
degradation of cisatracurium, the R, cis-R'-isomer
of atracurium, in human and rat plasma. Clin Pharmacol Ther 58:132–142, 1995.
341.
Lien CA, Schmith VD, Belmont MR, et al: Pharmacokinetics
of cisatracurium in patients receiving nitrous oxide/opioid/barbiturate anesthesia.
Anesthesiology 84:300–308, 1996.
342.
Kisor DF, Schmith VD, Wargin WA, et al: Importance
of the organ-independent elimination of cisatracurium. Anesth Analg 83:1065–1071,
1996.
343.
Ornstein E, Lien CA, Matteo RS, et al: Pharmacodynamics
and pharmacokinetics of cisatracurium in geriatric surgical patients. Anesthesiology
84:520–525, 1996.
344.
Dundee JW, Gray TC: Resistance to d-tubocurarine
chloride in the presence of liver damage. Lancet 2:16, 1953.
345.
Brotherton WP, Matteo RS: Pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics of metocurine in humans with and without renal failure. Anesthesiology
55:273–276, 1981.
346.
Cook DR, Freeman JA, Lai AA, et al: Pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics of doxacurium in normal patients and in those with hepatic or
renal failure. Anesth Analg 72:145–150, 1991.
347.
Ramzan MI, Shanks CA, Triggs EJ: Gallamine disposition
in surgical patients with chronic renal failure. Br J Clin Pharmacol 12:141–147,
1981.
348.
Fahey MR, Rupp SM, Fisher DM, et al: The pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics of atracurium in patients with and without renal failure. Anesthesiology
61:699–702, 1984.
349.
Ward S, Boheimer N, Weatherley BC, et al: Pharmacokinetics
of atracurium and its metabolites in patients with normal renal function, and in
patients in renal failure. Br J Anaesth 59:697–706, 1987.
350.
Ward S, Wright D: Combined pharmacokinetic and
pharmacodynamic study of a single bolus dose of atracurium. Br J Anaesth 55(Suppl
1):35S–38S, 1983.
351.
Bion JF, Bowden MI, Chow B, et al: Atracurium
infusions in patients with fulminant hepatic failure awaiting liver transplantation.
Intensive Care Med 19(Suppl 2):S94–S98, 1993.
352.
Szenohradszky J, Fisher DM, Segredo V, et al:
Pharmacokinetics of rocuronium bromide (ORG 9426) in patients with normal renal
function or patients undergoing cadaver renal transplantation. Anesthesiology 77:899–904,
1992.
353.
Khalil M, D'Honneur G, Duvaldestin P, et al:
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rocuronium in patients with cirrhosis.
Anesthesiology 80:1241–1247, 1994.
354.
Matteo RS, Ornstein E, Schwartz AE, et al: Pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics of rocuronium (Org 9426) in elderly surgical patients. Anesth
Analg 77:1193–1197, 1993.
355.
Wierda JM, Proost JH, Schiere S, et al: Pharmacokinetics
and pharmacokinetic/dynamic relationship of rocuronium bromide in humans. Eur J
Anaesthesiol Suppl 9:66–74, 1994.
356.
Magorian T, Wood P, Caldwell J, et al: The pharmacokinetics
and neuromuscular effects of rocuronium bromide in patients with liver disease.
Anesth Analg 80:754–759, 1995.
357.
van Miert MM, Eastwood NB, Boyd AH, et al: The
pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rocuronium in patients with hepatic cirrhosis.
Br J Clin Pharmacol 44:139–144, 1997.
358.
De Wolf AM, Freeman JA, Scott VL, et al: Pharmacokinetics
and pharmacodynamics of cisatracurium in patients with end-stage liver disease undergoing
liver transplantation. Br J Anaesth 76:624–628, 1996.
359.
Sorooshian SS, Stafford MA, Eastwood NB, et al:
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cisatracurium in young and elderly adult
patients. Anesthesiology 84:1083–1091, 1996.
360.
Anaesthetists and the reporting of adverse drug
reactions. BMJ (Clin Res Ed) 292:949, 1986.
361.
Basta SJ: Modulation of histamine release by
neuromuscular blocking drugs. Curr Opin Anaesth 5:572, 1992.
362.
Hatano Y, Arai T, Noda J, et al: Contribution
of prostacyclin to D-tubocurarine-induced hypotension
in humans. Anesthesiology 72:28–32, 1990.
363.
Scott RP, Savarese JJ, Basta SJ, et al: Atracurium:
Clinical strategies for preventing histamine release and attenuating the haemodynamic
response. Br J Anaesth 57:550–553, 1985.
364.
Savarese JJ: The autonomic margins of safety
of metocurine and d-tubocurarine in the cat. Anesthesiology
50:40–46, 1979.
365.
McCullough LS, Reier CE, Delaunois AL, et al:
The effects of d-tubocurarine on spontaneous postganglionic
sympathetic activity and histamine release. Anesthesiology 33:328–334, 1970.
366.
Munger WL, Miller RD, Stevens WC: The dependence
of a d-tubocurarine-induced hypotension on alveolar
concentration of halothane, dose of d-tubocurarine,
and nitrous oxide. Anesthesiology 40:442–448, 1974.
367.
Naguib M, Samarkandi AH, Bakhamees HS, et al:
Histamine-release haemodynamic changes produced by rocuronium, vecuronium, mivacurium,
atracurium and tubocurarine. Br J Anaesth 75:588–592, 1995.
368.
Harrison GA: The cardiovascular effects and some
relaxant properties of four relaxants in patients about to undergo cardiac surgery.
Br J Anaesth 44:485–494, 1972.
369.
Dowdy EG, Holland WC, Yamanaka I, et al: Cardioactive
properties of d-tubocurarine with and without preservatives.
Anesthesiology 34:256–261, 1971.
370.
Stoelting RK: Blood-pressure responses to d-tubocurarine
and its preservatives in anesthetized patients. Anesthesiology 35:315–317,
1971.
371.
Stoelting RK, Longnecker DE: Effect of promethazine
on hypotension following d-tubocurarine use in anesthetized
patients. Anesth Analg 51:509–513, 1972.
372.
Basta SJ, Savarese JJ, Ali HH, et al: Histamine-releasing
potencies of atracurium, dimethyl tubocurarine and tubocurarine. Br J Anaesth 55(Suppl
1):105S–106S, 1983.
373.
Miller RD, Eger EI 2nd, Stevens WC, et al: Pancuronium-induced
tachycardia in relation to alveolar halothane, dose of pancuronium, and prior atropine.
Anesthesiology 42:352–355, 1975.
374.
Stoelting RK: The hemodynamic effects of pancuronium
and d-tubocurarine in anesthetized patients. Anesthesiology
36:612–615, 1972.
375.
Hughes R, Chapple DJ: Effects on non-depolarizing
neuromuscular blocking agents on peripheral autonomic mechanisms in cats. Br J Anaesth
48:59–68, 1976.
376.
Hou VY, Hirshman CA, Emala CW: Neuromuscular
relaxants as antagonists for M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors. Anesthesiology 88:744–750,
1998.
377.
Docherty JR, McGrath JC: Sympathomimetic effects
of pancuronium bromide on the cardiovascular system of the pithed rat: A comparison
with the effects of drugs blocking the neuronal uptake of noradrenaline. Br J Pharmacol
64:589–599, 1978.
378.
Domenech JS, Garcia RC, Sastain JM, et al: Pancuronium
bromide: An indirect sympathomimetic agent. Br J Anaesth 48:1143–1148, 1976.
379.
Quintana A: Effect of pancuronium bromide on
the adrenergic reactivity of the isolated rat vas deferens. Eur J Pharmacol 46:275–277,
1977.
380.
Ivankovich AD, Miletich DJ, Albrecht RF, et al:
The effect of pancuronium on myocardial contraction and catecholamine metabolism.
J Pharm Pharmacol 27:837–841, 1975.
381.
Vercruysse P, Bossuyt P, Hanegreefs G, et al:
Gallamine and pancuronium inhibit pre- and postjunctional muscarine receptors in
canine saphenous veins. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 209:225–230, 1979.
382.
Roizen MF, Forbes AR, Miller RD, et al: Similarity
between effects of pancuronium and atropine on plasma norepinephrine levels in man.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther 211:419–422, 1979.
383.
Eisele JH, Marta JA, Davis HS: Quantitative aspects
of the chronotropic and neuromuscular effects of gallamine in anesthetized man.
Anesthesiology 35:630–633, 1971.
384.
Brown BR Jr, Crout JR: The sympathomimetic effect
of gallamine on the heart. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 172:266–273, 1970.
385.
Reitan JA, Fraser AI, Eisele JH: Lack of cardiac
inotropic effects of gallamine in anesthetized man. Anesth Analg 52:974–979,
1973.
386.
Wong KC, Wyte SR, Martin WE, et al: Antiarrhythmic
effects of skeletal muscle relaxants. Anesthesiology 34:458–462, 1971.
387.
Geha DG, Rozelle BC, Raessler KL, et al: Pancuronium
bromide enhances atrioventricular conduction in halothane-anesthetized dogs. Anesthesiology
46:342–345, 1977.
388.
Edwards RP, Miller RD, Roizen MF, et al: Cardiac
responses to imipramine and pancuronium during anesthesia with halothane or enflurane.
Anesthesiology 50:421–425, 1979.
389.
Clayton D: Asystole associated with vecuronium.
Br J Anaesth 58:937–938, 1986.
390.
Starr NJ, Sethna DH, Estafanous FG: Bradycardia
and asystole following the rapid administration of sufentanil with vecuronium. Anesthesiology
64:521–523, 1986.
391.
Cozanitis DA, Erkola O: A clinical study into
the possible intrinsic bradycardic activity of vecuronium. Anaesthesia 44:648–650,
1989.
392.
Kubo T, Fukuda K, Mikami A, et al: Cloning, sequencing
and expression of complementary DNA encoding the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor.
Nature 323:411–416, 1986.
393.
Bonner TI, Buckley NJ, Young AC, et al: Identification
of a family of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor genes. Science 237:527–532,
1987.
394.
Bonner TI, Young AC, Brann MR, et al: Cloning
and expression of the human and rat m5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor genes.
Neuron 1:403–410, 1988.
395.
Buckley NJ, Bonner TI, Buckley CM, et al: Antagonist
binding properties of five cloned muscarinic receptors expressed in CHO-K1 cells.
Mol Pharmacol 35:469–476, 1989.
396.
Mak JC, Barnes PJ: Autoradiographic visualization
of muscarinic receptor subtypes in human and guinea pig lung. Am Rev Respir Dis
141:1559–1568, 1990.
397.
Skoogh BE: Parasympathetic ganglia in the airways.
Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 22(Suppl 7):143–147, 1986.
398.
Coulson FR, Fryer AD: Muscarinic acetylcholine
receptors and airway diseases. Pharmacol Ther 98:59–69, 2003.
399.
Okanlami OA, Fryer AD, Hirshman C: Interaction
of nondepolarizing muscle relaxants with M2 and M3 muscarinic receptors in guinea
pig lung and heart. Anesthesiology 84:155–161, 1996.
400.
Jooste E, Klafter F, Hirshman CA, et al: A mechanism
for rapacuronium-induced bronchospasm: M2 muscarinic receptor antagonism. Anesthesiology
98:906–911, 2003.
401.
Atracurium. Lancet 1:394–395, 1983.
402.
Laxenaire MC, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Watkins J:
Diagnosis of the causes of anaphylactoid anaesthetic reactions. A report of the
recommendations of the joint Anaesthetic and Immuno-allergological Workshop, Nancy,
France: 19 March 1982. Anaesthesia 38:147–148, 1983.
403.
Laxenaire MC, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Vervloet D:
The French experience of anaphylactoid reactions. Int Anesthesiol Clin 23:145–160,
1985.
404.
Laxenaire MC, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Widmer S, et
al: Anesthetics responsible for anaphylactic shock. A French multicenter study
[in French]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 9:501–506, 1990.
405.
Fisher MM, More DG: The epidemiology and clinical
features of anaphylactic reactions in anaesthesia. Anaesth Intensive Care 9:226–234,
1981.
406.
Watkins J: Adverse reaction to neuromuscular
blockers: Frequency, investigation, and epidemiology. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl
102:6–10, 1994.
407.
Baldo BA, Fisher MM: Substituted ammonium ions
as allergenic determinants in drug allergy. Nature 306:262–264, 1983.
408.
Abel M, Book WJ, Eisenkraft JB: Adverse effects
of nondepolarising neuromuscular blocking agents. Incidence, prevention and management.
Drug Saf 10:420–438, 1994.
409.
Naguib M, Abdulatif M, Absood A: Comparative
effects of pipecuronium and tubocurarine on plasma concentrations of histamine in
humans. Br J Anaesth 67:320–322, 1991.
410.
Levy JH, Davis GK, Duggan J, et al: Determination
of the hemodynamics and histamine release of rocuronium (Org 9426) when administered
in increased doses under N2
O/O2
-sufentanil anesthesia. Anesth
Analg 78:318–321, 1994.
411.
Laxenaire MC, Mertes PM: Anaphylaxis during anaesthesia.
Results of a two-year survey in France. Br J Anaesth 87:549–558, 2001.
412.
Rose M, Fisher M: Rocuronium: High risk for
anaphylaxis? Br J Anaesth 86:678–682, 2001.
413.
Watkins J: Incidence of UK reactions involving
rocuronium may simply reflect market use. Br J Anaesth 87:522, 2001.
414.
Levy JH, Gottge M, Szlam F, et al: Weal and flare
responses to intradermal rocuronium and cisatracurium in humans. Br J Anaesth 85:844–849,
2000.
415.
Futo J, Kupferberg JP, Moss J, et al: Vecuronium
inhibits histamine N-methyltransferase. Anesthesiology
69:92–96, 1988.
416.
Futo J, Kupferberg JP, Moss J: Inhibition of
histamine N-methyltransferase (HNMT) in vitro by
neuromuscular relaxants. Biochem Pharmacol 39:415–420, 1990.
417.
O'Callaghan AC, Scadding G, Watkins J: Bronchospasm
following the use of vecuronium. Anaesthesia 41:940–942, 1986.
418.
Durrani Z, O'Hara J: Histaminoid reaction from
vecuronium priming: A case report. Anesthesiology 67:130–132, 1987.
419.
Holt AW, Vedig AE: Anaphylaxis following vecuronium.
Anaesth Intensive Care 16:378–379, 1988.
420.
Naguib M, Magboul MM, Jaroudi R: Clinically significant
drug interactions with general anesthetics—incidence, mechanism and management.
CNS Drugs 8:51–78, 1997.
421.
Argov Z, Mastaglia FL: Drug therapy: Disorders
of neuromuscular transmission caused by drugs. N Engl J Med 301:409–413, 1979.
422.
Miller RD: Factors affecting the action of muscle
relaxants. In Katz RL (ed): Muscle Relaxants.
Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1975.
423.
Feldman S, Karalliedde L: Drug interactions with
neuromuscular blockers. Drug Saf 15:261–273, 1996.
424.
Naguib M, Abdulatif M, al-Ghamdi A, et al: Interactions
between mivacurium and atracurium. Br J Anaesth 73:484–489, 1994.
425.
Kim KS, Chun YS, Chon SU, et al: Neuromuscular
interaction between cisatracurium and mivacurium, atracurium, vecuronium or rocuronium
administered in combination. Anaesthesia 53:872–878, 1998.
426.
Ferres CJ, Mirakhur RK, Pandit SK, et al: Dose-response
studies with pancuronium, vecuronium and their combination. Br J Clin Pharmacol
18:947–950, 1984.
427.
Pandit SK, Ferres CJ, Gibson FM, et al: Time
course of action of combinations of vecuronium and pacuronium. Anaesthesia 41:151–154,
1986.
428.
Naguib M, Abdulatif M: Isobolographic and dose-response
analysis of the interaction between pipecuronium and vecuronium. Br J Anaesth 71:556–560,
1993.
429.
Lebowitz PW, Ramsey FM, Savarese JJ, et al: Combination
of pancuronium and metocurine: Neuromuscular and hemodynamic advantages over pancuronium
alone. Anesth Analg 60:12–17, 1981.
430.
Kim S, Shim JC, Kim DW: Interactions between
mivacurium and pancuronium. Br J Anaesth 79:19–23, 1997.
431.
Paul M, Kindler CH, Fokt RM, et al: Isobolographic
analysis of non-depolarising muscle relaxant interactions at their receptor site.
Eur J Pharmacol 438:35–43, 2002.
432.
Motamed C, Menad R, Farinotti R, et al: Potentiation
of mivacurium blockade by low dose of pancuronium: A pharmacokinetic study. Anesthesiology
98:1057–1062, 2003.
433.
Smith I, White PF: Pipecuronium-induced prolongation
of vecuronium neuromuscular block. Br J Anaesth 70:446–448, 1993.
434.
Kay B, Chestnut RJ, Sum Ping JS, et al: Economy
in the use of muscle relaxants. Vecuronium after pancuronium. Anaesthesia 42:277–280,
1987.
435.
Rashkovsky OM, Agoston S, Ket JM: Interaction
between pancuronium bromide and vecuronium bromide. Br J Anaesth 57:1063–1066,
1985.
436.
Walts LF, Dillon JB: Clinical studies of the
interaction between d-tubocurarine and succinylcholine.
Anesthesiology 31:35–38, 1969.
437.
Katz RL: Modification of the action of pancuronium
by succinylcholine and halothane. Anesthesiology 35:602–606, 1971.
438.
Ono K, Manabe N, Ohta Y, et al: Influence of
suxamethonium on the action of subsequently administered vecuronium or pancuronium.
Br J Anaesth 62:324–326, 1989.
439.
Freund FG, Rubin AP: The need for additional
succinylcholine after d-tubocurarine. Anesthesiology
36:185–187, 1972.
440.
Katz RL, Norman J, Seed RF, et al: A comparison
of the effects of suxamethonium and tubocurarine in patients in London and New York.
Br J Anaesth 41:1041–1047, 1969.
441.
Stirt JA, Katz RL, Murray AL, et al: Modification
of atracurium blockade by halothane and by suxamethonium. A review of clinical experience.
Br J Anaesth 55(Suppl 1):71S–75S, 1983.
442.
Walts LF, Rusin WD: The influence of succinylcholine
on the duration of pancuronium neuromuscular blockade. Anesth Analg 56:22–25,
1977.
443.
Katz JA, Fragen RJ, Shanks CA, et al: The effects
of succinylcholine on doxacurium-induced neuromuscular blockade. Anesthesiology
69:604–607, 1988.
444.
Dubois MY, Fleming NW, Lea DE: Effects of succinylcholine
on the pharmacodynamics of pipecuronium and pancuronium. Anesth Analg 72:364–368,
1991.
445.
Cooper R, Mirakhur RK, Clarke RS, et al: Comparison
of intubating conditions after administration of Org 9246 (rocuronium) and suxamethonium.
Br J Anaesth 69:269–273, 1992.
446.
Kelly RE, Lien CA, Savarese JJ, et al: Depression
of neuromuscular function in a patient during desflurane anesthesia. Anesth Analg
76:868–871, 1993.
447.
Saitoh Y, Toyooka H, Amaha K: Recoveries of post-tetanic
twitch and train-of-four responses after administration of vecuronium with different
inhalation anaesthetics and neuroleptanaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 70:402–404,
1993.
448.
Cannon JE, Fahey MR, Castagnoli KP, et al: Continuous
infusion of vecuronium: The effect of anesthetic agents. Anesthesiology 67:503–506,
1987.
449.
Miller RD, Way WL, Dolan WM, et al: The dependence
of pancuronium- and d-tubocurarine-induced neuromuscular
blockades on alveolar concentrations of halothane and forane. Anesthesiology 37:573–581,
1972.
450.
Miller RD, Crique M, Eger EI 2nd: Duration of
halothane anesthesia and neuromuscular blockade with d-tubocurarine.
Anesthesiology 44:206–210, 1976.
