Figure 26-14 Schematic representation of a maximum inspiratory (V̇1 ) and expiratory (V̇E ) flow-volume loop in a normal subject. The pleural pressure (PPL) associated with the maximum effort is plotted as a function of lung volume from total lung capacity (TLC) to residual volume (RV). V̇1 and V̇E at the midpoint (50%) of vital capacity are indicated by arrows.


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