Figure 58-18 Classification of placenta accreta, increta, and percreta. (From Birnbach DJ, Gatt SP, Datta S [eds]: Textbook of Obstetric Anesthesia. New York, Churchill Livingstone, 2000, p 406. Originally from Kamani AAS, Gambling DR, Christilaw J, et al: Anesthetic management of patients with placenta accreta. Can J Anaesth 34:613, 1987. Data from Miller DA, Chollet JA, Goodwin TM: Clinical risk factors for placenta previa-placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 177:210, 1997.)