Figure 52-10 Perioperative cardiac risk of death or myocardial infarction as observed in subpopulations. Results are given according to the clinical risk score, dobutamine stress echocardiography, and perioperative β-blocker therapy. Percentages in parentheses represent the number of patients in the target category as a proportion of the total number of 1351 patients. Numbers underneath the bars represent the actual number of events (i.e., cardiac death and nonfatal myocardial infarction) per the patients in the specific category. (From Boersma E, Poldermans D, Bax JJ, et al: Predictors of cardiac events after major vascular surgery: Role of clinical characteristics, dobutamine echocardiography, and beta-blocker therapy. JAMA 285:1865–1873, 2001.)