Figure 52-9 Kaplan-Meier curves of the cumulative percentage of patients who survived vascular surgery and remained free of cardiac death and nonfatal myocardial infarction during follow-up. The difference between groups was significant (P = .004). (From Poldermans D, Boersma E, Bax JJ, et al: Bisoprolol reduces cardiac death and myocardial infarction in high-risk patients as long as 2 years after successful major vascular surgery. Eur Heart J 22:1353–1358, 2001.)