Figure 51-16 Demographic data for pediatric heart transplantation by age. Stacked bar graph illustrates the total number and age distribution for heart transplantation in patients less than 16 years of age. Note the rapid rise in transplants performed during the late 1980s, with particular growth in the population of children aged 5 years and under. Having peaked in the mid 1990s, the total number of transplants (both adult and pediatric) has declined slightly, but the relative age proportions within the pediatric population remain relatively constant. (Data from the Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. ^[240] )