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Balanced salt solutions have an electrolyte composition similar to ECF (e.g., lactated Ringer's solution, Plasma-Lyte, Normosol). With respect to sodium, they are hypotonic. A buffer is included in place of bicarbonate, which hydrates to carbonic acid with the production of carbon dioxide, which diffuses from the solution. Compared with 0.9% NaCl, these solutions provide small quantities of other electrolytes, which are inadequate to meet daily maintenance requirements.
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